Phoenix Camera Club

Established in 1932 - "Friendly Folks Who Enjoy Photography"

Affliate of the Photographic Society of America, Inc. and the Arizona Camera Club Council

Club Benefits Competition Rules & Themes Dues & How to Join Club Officers
Field Trips CLIX Newsletter Member Links & Patrons Tips for Photographers (some in Java)


The photographic tips found here may be used by anyone.

If you have a tip you'd like to share with the club, send it to us. If you want credit for the tip, just say so.


Sunny 16

On a sunny day correct exposure is approximated by shooting with the shutter speed equal to the ISO of the film and an f-stop of 16

ISO Shutter Speed Aperture
25 1/15 second f-22
25 1/30 f-16
25 1/100 f-8
100 1/60 f-22
100 1/100 second f-16
100 1/200 f-8
200 1/100 f-22
200 1/200 second f-16
200 1/500 f-8
400 1/200 f-22
400 1/500 second f-16
400 1/1000 f-8





Moon 11

The correct exposure for shooting the full moon is approximated by shooting with the shutter speed equal to the ISO of the film and an f-stop of 11

The size of the full moon on 35mm film is about 1mm for every 100mm of lens.
ISO Shutter Speed Aperture
25 1/15 second f-16
25 1/30 f-11
25 1/100 f-5.6
100 1/60 f-16
100 1/100 second f-11
100 1/200 f-5.6
200 1/100 f-16
200 1/200 second f-11
200 1/500 f-5.6
400 1/200 f-16
400 1/500 second f-11
400 1/1000 f-5.6


Zoo Photography

To eliminate the cage bars from zoo shots try this:

Get to the zoo as early as possible. The animals are often a bit more active in the morning, and shots of animals at rest are not as interesting. Try to find the feeding schedule. Schedule your shooting close to the start of that activity. The animals are much more alert when food is nearby. However, just like us, animals tend to get very lethargic after a meal.




Here you will find an easy to use calculator to find the depth of field and hyperfocal settings for most lenses and film formats. Since it is metric, included is an easy to use conversion calculator on this page. If your own favorite lens isn't listed, E-mail the webmaster and it will be added.

Depth of Field Calculator
Negative Format
Lens focal length
Selected aperture
Subject distance (Meters)

Hyperfocal distance for this lens/aperture combination.
Near limit of acceptable sharpness.
Far limit of acceptable sharpness.
Total depth of field.

Free JavaScripts provided
by The JavaScript Source


Length Equivalents
First, type the number you wish converted here:
Then, click radio buttons for desired conversion:
From: Centimeters
 Inches
 Feet
 Yards
 Meters
 Chains
 Kilometers
 Miles
To: Centimeters
 Inches
 Feet
 Yards
 Meters
 Chains
 Kilometers
 Miles

Free JavaScripts provided
by The JavaScript Source






Portraits

A portrait photographers primary objective is to idealize his subject. The subject's appearance can be made more flattering through posing, lighting, and camera angle. In many instances, more than one of the following suggestions will be employed. Evaluate each subject individually.
Prominent Forehead Tilt chin upward, Lower Camera Position, Use Gobo (Head Screen), Use Barn Doors
Long Nose Tilt Chin Upward, Face Directly Toward Lens, Lower Main Light, Lower Camera Position
Angular Nose Turn Face Towards Camera, Place Main Light To Produce A Straight Line
Narrow Chin Tilt Chin Upward, Lower Camera Position, Use 3/4 Head Position
Double Chin Tilt Chin Upward, Body Straight And Leaning Forward, Use High Camera Position
Baldness Use Gobo To Shield Top Of Head, Use No Hair Light, Blend Top Of Head With Background
Broad, Round Face Use Short Lighting (move key light so it strikes the subject at greater than 50o), Turn Face Away From the Main Light To 3/4 Position
Narrow Face Use Broad Lighting, Use Umbrella, Turn Face Towards Camera
Wrinkled Face Use Soft Lighting, Use Feathered Light, A Relaxed Non-Smiling Pose, Use High Camera Position
Facial Blemishes, Scars, Etc. Use Diffused Lighting, Place Blemishes, Scars, Etc. On The Shadow Side Of The Face If Possible
Ears Show Only One Ear
Prominent Ears Hide Far Ear Behind Head, Keep Near Ear In Shadow
Glasses Tilt Lenses Downward By Raising The Glasses Stems, Have Subject Raise Or Lower Chin
Deep-Set Eyes Lower Main Light, Use Lower Lighting Ratio
Pop Eyes Lower Camera Angle, Talk To Subject From Camera Position
Droopy Eyelid Have Subject Look Up, Put Catch Light In Eyes

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© 2005-2006 Phoenix Camera Club
This page last updated Mon, Jan 24, 2005